El ejercicio extremo favorece el aborto

Investigadores daneses han demostrado que las embarazadas que realizan ejercicio extremo durante el principio de la gestación pueden triplicar el riesgo de aborto.

El ejercicio produce mejoría de la función cardiovascular y ayuda a mantener el tono muscular de la mujer. Los investigadores estudiaron más de noventa mil mujeres en relación con la evolución del embarazo y el tipo de ejercicio realizado. Los resultados demuestran que las gestantes que realizan ejercicios en deportes intensos o cuando más de 7 horas semanales de ejercicio, tiene aproximadamente el triple de riesgo para abortar. Algunos ejercicios no alteran el curso del embarazo, como nadar.

El estudio fue dirigido por la Dra. Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen, de la Universidad del Sur de Dinamarca en Odense.

Leisure time physical exercise during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage: a study within the Danish National Birth Cohort.
Madsen M, Jørgensen T, Jensen M, Juhl M, Olsen J, Andersen P, Nybo Andersen AM.
National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Objective To examine the association between leisure time physical exercise during pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage. Design Prospective study with elements of retrospective data collection. Setting Denmark 1996-2002. Population A total of 92 671 pregnant women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort and interviewed subsequently. Methods Data on exercise during pregnancy and potential confounders were obtained through computer-assisted telephone interviews either during pregnancy or after an early miscarriage. Outcome of pregnancy was identified by register linkage. Using Cox regression analysis, we estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of miscarriage according to weekly amount of exercise and the type of exercise. The HR was estimated for <11, 11-14, 15-18, and 19-22 weeks of gestation, respectively. Main outcome measures Miscarriage, defined as fetal loss before 22 completed weeks of gestation. Results A stepwise increasing relation was found between amount of exercise and risk of miscarriage, where risk of miscarriage increased by amount of exercise up to HR = 3.7 (95% CI 2.9-4.7) for women who exercised more than 7 hours per week compared with nonexercisers. Particularly 'high-impact exercise' was associated with an increased risk of miscarriage. No association was seen between exercise and risk of miscarriage after 18 weeks of gestation. Conclusions This study suggests that exercise early in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage. The results should, however, be interpreted cautiously as potential bias arising from retrospective data collection may explain part of the association.

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